By Samhar Almomani, Publishing Associate: Researcher and Writer at Save the Water™ | March 12, 2025
Edited by Muhammad Afridi, Publishing Associate, at Save the Water™
Wastewater treatment, also known as potable water reuse, is the process of creating drinking water from wastewater. Washington County, Utah, plans to use wastewater treatment to combat water insecurity. Constructing a wastewater treatment facility is part of the County’s 20-year plan to secure 47,000 acre-feet of water by 2042.
Why is Washington County Turning to Wastewater?
Washington County has long depended on the Colorado River. This river supplies water to Lake Mead and Lake Powell. These two lakes, the nation’s largest reservoirs, are being depleted because of climate change and population growth.
Moreover, the County recently received $20.5 million in funding for its regional reuse water system project. It intends to stretch limited water supplies and ensure that water systems are more resilient to aridification, which is more common in Western America. Additionally, county officials believe these investments are essential for their communities’ future. Their projections show the county’s population is growing much higher than its current 200,000 residents.
How Does Potable Reuse Treat Wastewater?
The main goal for potable water reuse is to purify wastewater to make it safe for drinking. The water goes through multiple purification steps, such as microfiltration, reverse osmosis, and ultraviolet disinfection, to remove contaminants, bacteria, and chemicals. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulates this process to ensure it meets or exceeds drinking water standards.
There are two main types of potable reuse: indirect and direct. Indirect potable reuse (IPR) treats wastewater before releasing it into natural water sources. Direct potable reuse (DPR) sends highly treated wastewater directly into the drinking water supply without environmental buffering.
Furthermore, cities facing water shortages, such as Los Angeles and San Diego, are increasingly adopting potable reuse. The Orange County Water District operates one of the world’s largest water recycling systems, treating over 100 million gallons daily for reuse. Experts agree that this technique is a safe, sustainable solution for ensuring a long-term water supply.
Benefits of Potable Reuse
Potable reuse offers a sustainable solution to address water scarcity and environmental challenges. Implementing this reduces reliance on freshwater sources. This also helps regions facing droughts or limited water supplies.
Some of the key benefits of potable reuse are:
- It provides a safe, reliable, and sustainable water source independent of climate or weather conditions.
- Water reuse helps preserve rivers, lakes, and streams for fish, plants, and wildlife. Thus, it also lowers nutrient loads in these water bodies and the ocean.
Future of Wastewater Treatment
The future of potable reuse looks bright as more cities and governments recognize its value in addressing water shortages. Many regions are investing in advanced water treatment technologies to expand potable reuse programs. These efforts help ensure a steady and sustainable drinking water supply. Furthermore, The EPA continues to support research and regulations that improve water purification, making potable reuse safer and more widely accepted.
Moreover, public perception and education will play a key role in its future. Some communities are still hesitant about drinking recycled water. However, outreach and clear communication about water quality can build trust.
Lastly, successful projects, like the Orange County Water District’s Groundwater Replenishment System, show that potable reuse is both practical and reliable for long-term water security. As technology, policies, and public awareness improve, potable reuse will expand as a sustainable solution to the rising demand for clean water.
